Jeste^(Did) li čuli za DNS preko HTTPS -a ? Želite li znati što je DoH ? Zašto je važan ovaj novi sigurnosni standard koji šifrira DNS zahtjeve i zašto biste ga trebali koristiti? U ovom vodiču odgovaramo na sva ova pitanja i pokazujemo vam kako omogućiti DNS preko HTTPS - a u Google Chromeu^{(Google Chrome)} , koji je danas najpopularniji web preglednik. Ima dosta terena za pokrivanje, pa krenimo:

Što je DNS preko HTTPS -a ili Secure DNS lookups?

DNS preko HTTPS-a ili DoH, ukratko, je protokol koji omogućuje sigurno traženje DNS-a preko HTTPS protokola. ^{(DNS over HTTPS, or DoH, in short, is a protocol that allows secure DNS lookups over the HTTPS protocol.)}Zvuči komplicirano i čudno, zar ne? Zapravo, nije, a mi ćemo objasniti zašto:

HTTPS je poboljšana i sigurnija verzija HTTP protokola. HTTP , ili Hypertext Transfer Protocol , je baza na kojoj se podaci prenose na World Wide Webu^{(World Wide Web)} . Mnogo jednostavnijim riječima, HTTP je protokol koji web-mjesta koriste za rad i rad. HTTPS je sigurna verzija HTTP -a, koja web stranicama omogućuje da budu sigurnije. Također otežava zlonamjernim stranama presretanje komunikacija jer šifrira promet.

DNS je standard koji prevodi IP adrese web stranica na internetu u nešto čitljivo i lakše za razumijevanje i pamćenje za nas ljude. Na primjer, svi znamo da za posjet Googleu^(Google) moramo unijeti google.com u adresnu traku web preglednika. Međutim, računalo ili uređaj na kojem radite prevodi tu adresu - google.com - u nešto više strojno prilagođeno, što može biti, na primjer, adresa poput 172.217.19.110. DNS upravlja procesom prevođenja čovjeku čitljivog naziva web stranice u strojno čitljiv oblik. Nažalost, DNSne čini to na siguran način, tako da je cijeli proces otvoren svima koji imaju zlonamjerne namjere i znaju kako kompromitirati vaše podatke. Za više pojedinosti o DNS -u pročitajte: Što je DNS? Kako mogu vidjeti svoje DNS postavke u sustavu Windows? ^{(What is DNS? How do I see my DNS settings in Windows?)}.

Zbog načina na koji je DNS dizajniran, iako web-mjesta mogu biti sigurnija ako koriste HTTPS , hakeri ili bilo tko tko je između vas i web-mjesta može prisluškivati ​​koja web-mjesta posjećujete ili što tražite na webu. To može biti vaš davatelj internetskih usluga, ali može biti i netko tko je preuzeo kontrolu nad javnim Wi-Fi-jem^(Wi-Fi) na koji ste se upravo spojili.

DNS preko HTTPS -a će promijeniti ovu sigurnosnu rupu i šifrirati cijeli proces koji prevodi nazive web stranica u IP adrese. DoH ili DNS preko HTTPS-a jedna je od stvari koja je odgovorna za šifriranje veza između vašeg web preglednika i web stranica koje posjećujete.^{(DoH or DNS over HTTPS is one of the things that are responsible for encrypting the connections between your web browser and the websites you visit.)}

Kako omogućiti DNS preko HTTPS - a u Google Chromeu^{(Google Chrome)} na Windowsima^(Windows) , Macu^(Mac) , OS-u Chrome^{(Chrome OS)} i Androidu^(Android)

Bez obzira^(Regardless) na to koristite li Windows, Mac , OS Chrome^{(Chrome OS)} ili Android , koraci za omogućavanje DNS -a preko HTTPS -a ( DoH ) u Google Chromeu^{(Google Chrome)} su isti, s nekoliko vizualnih razlika. Kako bi stvari bile jednostavne, koristimo snimke zaslona snimljene samo u Chromeu^(Chrome) u sustavu Windows 10^{(Windows 10)} . Da biste omogućili DoH , otvorite Google Chrome i u adresnu traku upišite chrome://flags/#dns-over-https . Zatim pritisnite Enter na tipkovnici.

Prikazuje vam se stranica puna eksperimentalnih značajki i postavki dostupnih u pregledniku Google Chrome^{(Google Chrome)} . Prvi bi se trebao zvati Secure DNS lookups . Pod njim, Google objašnjava da ova postavka "Omogućuje DNS preko HTTPS-a. Kada je ova značajka omogućena, vaš preglednik može pokušati koristiti sigurnu HTTPS vezu za traženje adresa web-mjesta i drugih web resursa. – Mac, Windows, Chrome OS, Android"^{("Enables DNS over HTTPS. When this feature is enabled, your browser may try to use a secure HTTPS connection to look up the addresses of websites and other web resources. – Mac, Windows, Chrome OS, Android")} . Kliknite^(Click) ili dodirnite gumb koji se nalazi na desnoj strani i koji bi trebao pisati "Zadano".^("Default.")

Na prikazanom popisu opcija odaberite Omogućeno^(Enabled) .

Čim omogućite postavku DNS preko HTTPS -a , Google Chrome od vas traži da ga ponovo pokrenete kako bi^(Relaunch) mogao primijeniti promjenu. Kliknite^(Click) ili dodirnite gumb Ponovo pokreni^(Relaunch) ili zatvorite i ponovno otvorite Google Chrome .

Sada je Google Chrome konfiguriran da koristi DNS preko HTTPS -a kad god je to moguće. Međutim, to ne znači da ste još sigurni. Čitajte dalje da biste vidjeli koje sljedeće korake trebate poduzeti.

NAPOMENA:^(NOTE:) U Chromeu^(Chrome) za iOS ova značajka još nije dostupna.

Promijenite DNS poslužitelje na svom Windows računalu

Ne podržavaju svi davatelji internetskih usluga DoH^{(Not all Internet Service Providers support DoH)} , a postoji samo nekoliko javnih DNS poslužitelja koji to podržavaju. Dva od najboljih pružatelja javnih DNS poslužitelja su Google i Cloudflare. ^{(best providers of public DNS servers are Google and Cloudflare.)}Osim ako vaš davatelj internetskih usluga već nudi podršku za DNS preko HTTPS - a , Google i Cloudflare DNS poslužitelji su vaša najbolja opcija. IP adrese Googleovih javnih DNS poslužitelja^{(Google's public DNS servers)} su 8.8.8.8 i 8.8.4.4^{(8.8.8.8 and 8.8.4.4)} , dok su IP adrese javnih DNS poslužitelja Cloudflarea ^{(Cloudflare's public DNS servers)}1.1.1.1 i 1.0.0.1^{(1.1.1.1 and 1.0.0.1)} . Ako ne znate kako promijeniti svoje DNS poslužitelje uWindows , slijedite korake koje smo ovdje detaljno opisali: Promijenite DNS poslužitelje koje koristi vaše Windows računalo u 3 koraka^{(Change the DNS servers used by your Windows PC in 3 steps)} .

Brzi način da to učinite u sustavu Windows 10^{(Windows 10)} je da otvorite aplikaciju Postavke^{(open the Settings app)} , idite na Mreža i internet^{(Network & Internet)} -> Promjena opcija adaptera^{(Change adapter options)} , dvaput kliknite ili dvaput dodirnite svoju mrežnu vezu i pritisnite gumb Svojstva . ^(Properties)Zatim dvaput kliknite ili dvaput dodirnite Internet Protocol version 4 (TCP/IPv4) , označite "Koristi sljedeću adresu DNS poslužitelja"^{("Use the following DNS server address")} i unesite IP adrese javnih DNS poslužitelja ^(DNS)Google ili Cloudflare koje smo ranije spomenuli.

Nakon što postavite DNS poslužitelje na one koji podržavaju DNS preko HTTPS -a , trebali biste biti spremni. Ostaje vam samo provjeriti radi li DoH na vašem računalu ili uređaju.

Kako provjeriti radi li DNS preko HTTPS - a u Google Chromeu^{(Google Chrome)}

Da biste provjerili radi li DoH u vašem Google Chromeu^{(Google Chrome)} , otvorite ga i posjetite Cloudflareovu web-stranicu za sigurnosnu provjeru iskustva pregledavanja^{(Cloudflare's Browsing Experience Security Check webpage)} . Pritisnite narančasti gumb Check My Browser i pričekajte da se testiranje završi.

Ako je test sigurnog DNS^{(Secure DNS)} - a označen zeleno i kaže da "Koristite šifrirani DNS transport [...]",^{("You are using encrypted DNS transport [...],")} onda ste uspješno konfigurirali DNS preko HTTPS -a za Google Chrome na svom uređaju.

To je to!

Jeste^(Did) li uključili DNS preko HTTPS - a u Google Chromeu^{(Google Chrome)} ?

Kao što ste vidjeli, DNS preko HTTPS -a je prilično važan protokol koji su mnogi ljudi koji brinu o sigurnosti čekali da ga implementiraju. Srećom, Google Chrome sada podržava DoH , a njegovo omogućavanje nije jako teško, iako zahtijeva nekoliko koraka. Jeste^(Did) li omogućili DNS preko HTTPS - a u svom Google Chromeu^{(Google Chrome)} ? Jeste^(Did) li naišli na probleme? Ostavite komentar ispod, i idemo ih riješiti.

What is DNS over HTTPS or Secure DNS lookups? Enable it in Google Chrome!

Did you hear about DNS over HTTPS? Do you want to know what DoH is? Why this new sеcuritу standаrd that encrypts DNS requests is іmportant, and why you should use it? In this guide, we answer all thеse questionѕ, and shоw you how to enable DNS оver HTTPS in Google Chrome, which is the most popular web browѕer tоday. There's plenty of ground to cover, so let's get started:

What is DNS over HTTPS or Secure DNS lookups?

DNS over HTTPS, or DoH, in short, is a protocol that allows secure DNS lookups over the HTTPS protocol. It sounds complicated and strange, doesn't it? In fact, it is not, and we're going to explain why:

HTTPS is an improved and more secure version of the HTTP protocol. HTTP, or Hypertext Transfer Protocol, is the base on which data is transferred on the World Wide Web. In much simpler words, HTTP is a protocol used by websites to work and operate. HTTPS is the secure version of HTTP, which allows websites to be more secure. It is also makes it harder for malicious parties to intercept communications because it encrypts traffic.

DNS is a standard that translates the IP addresses of the websites on the internet into something readable and easier to understand and remember for us humans. For example, we all know that to visit Google, we have to enter google.com in the address bar of the web browser. However, the computer or device on which you're working on translates that address - google.com - into something more machine-friendly, which can be, for example, an address like 172.217.19.110. DNS handles the process of translating the human-readable name of a website into the machine-readable form. Unfortunately, DNS doesn't do this in a secure manner, so the entire process is open to anyone with malicious intent and knowledge on how to compromise your information. For more details about DNS, read: What is DNS? How do I see my DNS settings in Windows?.

Because of the way DNS is designed, although websites can be more secure if they use HTTPS, hackers or anyone that is between you and the websites can eavesdrop on what websites you're visiting or what you are looking for on the web. That can be your internet service provider, but it can also be someone who has taken control of the public Wi-Fi to which you just connected.

DNS over HTTPS is going to change this security hole and encrypt the whole process that translates the names of the websites into IP addresses. DoH or DNS over HTTPS is one of the things that are responsible for encrypting the connections between your web browser and the websites you visit.

How to enable DNS over HTTPS in Google Chrome on Windows, Mac, Chrome OS, and Android

Regardless of whether you use Windows, Mac, Chrome OS, or Android, the steps to enable DNS over HTTPS (DoH) in Google Chrome are the same, with a few visual differences. To keep things simple, we're using screenshots taken only in Chrome on Windows 10. To enable DoH, open Google Chrome and, in its address bar, type chrome://flags/#dns-over-https. Then, press Enter on your keyboard.

You are shown a page full of experimental features and settings available in Google Chrome. The first one should be called Secure DNS lookups. Under it, Google explains that this setting "Enables DNS over HTTPS. When this feature is enabled, your browser may try to use a secure HTTPS connection to look up the addresses of websites and other web resources. – Mac, Windows, Chrome OS, Android". Click or tap on the button found on the right side, which should say "Default."

From the list of options displayed, select Enabled.

As soon as you enable the DNS over HTTPS setting, Google Chrome asks you to Relaunch it so that it can apply the change. Click or tap on the Relaunch button or close and reopen Google Chrome.

Now Google Chrome is configured to use DNS over HTTPS whenever that's possible. However, that doesn't mean that you are safe just yet. Read on to see which are the following steps you should take.

NOTE: In Chrome for iOS, this feature is not available yet.

Change the DNS servers on your Windows PC

Not all Internet Service Providers support DoH, and there are only a few public DNS servers that do. Two of the best providers of public DNS servers are Google and Cloudflare. Unless your internet service provider already offers support for DNS over HTTPS, Google and Cloudflare's DNS servers are your best options. Google's public DNS servers IP addresses are 8.8.8.8 and 8.8.4.4, while Cloudflare's public DNS servers IP addresses are 1.1.1.1 and 1.0.0.1. If you don't know how to change your DNS servers in Windows, follow the steps we've detailed here: Change the DNS servers used by your Windows PC in 3 steps.

The quick way to do it in Windows 10 is to open the Settings app, go to Network & Internet -> Change adapter options, double-click or double-tap on your network connection, and press the Properties button. Then, double-click or double-tap on Internet Protocol version 4 (TCP/IPv4), mark the "Use the following DNS server address" and enter the IP addresses of Google or Cloudflare public DNS servers that we mentioned earlier.

Once you've set the DNS servers to ones that support DNS over HTTPS, you should be all set. All that remains is for you to check whether DoH actually works on your computer or device.

How to test if DNS over HTTPS works in Google Chrome

To check whether DoH works in your Google Chrome, open it, and visit Cloudflare's Browsing Experience Security Check webpage. Press the orange Check My Browser button and wait for the testing to be done.

If the Secure DNS test is marked green and says that "You are using encrypted DNS transport [...]," then you've successfully configured DNS over HTTPS for Google Chrome on your device.

That's it!

Did you turn DNS over HTTPS on in Google Chrome?

As you've seen, DNS over HTTPS is quite an important protocol that many security-conscious people have waited to see implemented. Fortunately, Google Chrome now supports DoH, and enabling it is not very hard, although it does require a few steps. Did you enable DNS over HTTPS in your Google Chrome? Did you encounter any problems? Leave a comment below, and let's resolve them.

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