Opseg računalstva u oblaku^{(Cloud computing)} je ogroman. Ako tražite posao vezan uz oblak, razmislite o učenju ovih vještina računalstva^{(cloud computing skills)} u oblaku . Pitanja za intervju u oblaku također će se temeljiti na jednoj ili više od tih vještina.^(Cloud)

U ovom članku sabrao sam najčešće postavljana pitanja i odgovore za intervjue za Cloud Computing^{(Cloud Computing interview questions and answers)} koji uključuju Microsoft Azure . Iako je AWS trenutno najčešće korištena usluga u oblaku, Microsoft Azure sustiže i već je okosnica mnogih organizacija. U nastavku pogledajte pitanja za intervju na Microsoft Azureu^{(Microsoft Azure)} među najčešće postavljanim pitanjima za razgovor u oblaku. Imajte na umu da se formulacije ovih pitanja mogu razlikovati tako da možete prilagoditi odgovore kako bi odgovarali tonu pitanja.

^{(Cloud Computing)}Pitanja i odgovori na intervjuu za Cloud Computing

Ovaj odjeljak uključuje pitanja za intervju u oblaku koja su generička i primjenjuju se na sve platforme kao što su AWS , Microsoft Azure ili Google Apps itd.

P1: Kako laiku objasniti oblak? Ili Što je računalstvo u oblaku^{(What is cloud computing)} ?^{(Q1: How do you explain cloud to a layperson? Or What is cloud computing?)}

O1: Oblak je proširenje lokalnog ili lokalnog računala. Kada kažemo da koristimo računalstvo u oblaku, koristimo tuđe (općenito pružatelja usluga u oblaku) resurse. Ti resursi mogu biti bilo što, od samo vanjskog prostora za pohranu do udaljene infrastrukture. Davatelj usluga naplaćuje korisnicima na temelju korištenja resursa.

P2: Koje su osnovne karakteristike računalstva u oblaku? -ILI- Kada zovete uslugu, računalstvo u oblaku?^{(Q2: What are the basic traits of cloud computing? -OR- When do you call a service, cloud computing?)}

O2: Dobavljač računalstva u oblaku trebao bi osigurati sljedeće osnovne značajke koje su bitne da bi se usluga nazvala uslugom računalstva u oblaku. Usluga bi trebala biti skalabilna. Odnosno, kada je to potrebno, davatelj usluga u oblaku trebao bi biti u mogućnosti povećati resurse, a kada se potražnja smanji, davatelj usluga u oblaku trebao bi biti u mogućnosti osloboditi resurse za druge korisnike tako da korisnik ne bude preplaćen. Ostale značajke su sigurnosna kopija u stvarnom vremenu, dugo vrijeme rada i sigurnost. Dnevnici su također neophodni, ali se prikazuju samo na zahtjev. Ovi zapisnici sadrže tko je pristupio kojoj usluzi u koje vrijeme itd. informacije.

P3: Što je grid computing? Je li to isto što i računalstvo u oblaku? Koje su razlike između mrežnog računalstva i računalstva u oblaku?^{(Q3: What is grid computing? Is it the same as cloud computing? What are the differences between grid computing and cloud computing?)}

A3: Za bolje razumijevanje razlike između računalstva u oblaku i računalstva u mreži, pročitajte ovaj članak – Mreža protiv oblaka^{( Grid vs Cloud)} .

P4: Koliko vrsta oblaka postoji u praksi? -ILI- Objasnite modele implementacije u oblaku koji se danas koriste.^{(Q4: How many types of clouds are there in practice? -OR- Explain cloud deployment models in use today.)}

A4: Postoje tri vrste implementacije u oblaku. Prvi^(First) je javni oblak u kojem se nalaze podaci nekoliko stanara. Primjer javnog oblaka je OneDrive jer isti poslužitelji hostiraju mnogo računa na svakom od njih. Drugi model implementacije je privatni oblak. Pri tome su resursi smješteni na namjenskom oblaku. Primjer privatnog oblaka mogao bi biti hosting web stranice kod određenog davatelja usluga hostinga. Treći i posljednji model implementacije je hibridni oblak. Pri tome se dijelovi resursa nalaze na javnom oblaku, a neki od njih se koriste isključivo iz privatnog oblaka. Primjer hibridne mreže može biti internetska trgovina. Dio web stranice hostiran je na javnom oblaku, a ostali važni artefakti se nalaze lokalno kako se ne bi kompromitirali. Pročitajte pojedinosti o implementaciji računalstva u oblaku^{(cloud computing deployment)}.

P5: Koja su tri modela usluga računalstva u oblaku?^{(Q5: What are the three service models of cloud computing?)}

A5: Softver^(Software) kao usluga^(Service) , Platforma^(Platform) kao usluga, IaaS ( Infrastruktura^{(Infrastructure)} kao usluga). Molimo pročitajte ovaj članak o modelima usluga u oblaku za više pojedinosti o svakoj vrsti modela usluge.

P6: Što mislite pod pojmom "eukaliptus" u računalstvu u oblaku?^{(Q6: What do you mean by the term “Eucalyptus” in cloud computing?)}

A6: Eukaliptus^(Eucalyptus) je skraćenica za “Elastic Utility Computing Architecture za povezivanje vaših programa s korisnim sustavima”. U osnovi je za AWS ( Amazon Web Services ).

P7: Što je OpenStack? ILI Čemu služi OpenStack?^{(Q7: What is OpenStack? OR What is the use of OpenStack?)}

A7: OpenStack je open-source cloud computing element koji služi IaaS ( Infrastruktura^{(Infrastructure)} kao usluga^(Service) ). Za više detalja pogledajte OpenStack.org .

P8: Koje su prednosti računalstva u oblaku u odnosu na in-premise računalstvo?^{(Q8: What are the benefits of cloud computing over in-premise computing?)}

O8: Računalstvo na licu^(On-Premise) mjesta zahtijeva puno priprema - u smislu novca i vremena. Ako se organizacija odluči koristiti oblak, štedi mnogo na početnoj cijeni postavljanja. U računalstvu u oblaku za održavanje brine davatelj usluga. Kod lokalnog^(On-Premise) računalstva trebat će nam barem jedan predani IT tehničar koji će se pobrinuti za rješavanje problema. Cloud pruža nadogradnju i skalabilnost prema potrebi. Može se povećati broj resursa ili ih smanjiti ovisno o korištenju. S druge strane, lokalno računalstvo zahtijevat će nabavu više hardvera i softvera, a te su kupnje trajne, pa na neki način oblak štedi novac uz pružanje sigurnosnih kopija itd. značajki.

P9: Što je IaaS? Što to radi? Navedite neke primjere IaaS-a^{(Q9: What is IaaS? What does it do? Give some examples of IaaS)}

A9: IaaS je skraćenica od Infrastruktura kao usluga^{(Infrastructure as a Service)} . Kada oblak nudi infrastrukturu za iznajmljivanje/iznajmljivanje, naziva se IaaS . Primjeri IaaS - a su AWS ( Amazon Web Services ), Microsoft Azure , Google Computer Engine i CISCO Metapod .

P10: Objasnite AWS i njegove komponente^{(Q10: Explain AWS and its components)}

A10: AWS je skraćenica od Amazon Web Services . To je u osnovi infrastruktura kao usluga. Glavne komponente AWS - a su sljedeće:

1. DNS – nudi uslužnu platformu koja se temelji na poslužitelju imena domene; također se naziva ruta-53
2. Usluga e-pošte Jednostavna^{(E-mail Service Simple)} : osim SMTP- a ( jednostavnog glavnog protokola prijenosa^{(Simple Main Transfer Protocol)} ), e-poruka se također može poslati korištenjem API poziva lokalnih AWS -a .

^(Azure)Pitanja za intervju za Azure cloud computing

Ovaj odjeljak pokriva osnovna, ali najčešće postavljana pitanja za intervjue o računalstvu u oblaku u vezi s Microsoft Azureom^{(Microsoft Azure)} , što je platforma Infrastruktura^{(Infrastructure)} kao usluga .^(Service)

Pitanje 11: Što je Microsoft Azure -ILI- Što znate o Microsoft Azureu?^{(Question 11: What is Microsoft Azure -OR- What do you know about Microsoft Azure?)}

Odgovor 11: Microsoft Azure je ponuda u oblaku od Microsofta^(Microsoft) . Nudi usluge kao što su mreže za isporuku sadržaja ( CDN^(CDNs) ), virtualni strojevi^(Machines) (VM) i neki stvarno dobar vlasnički softver koji ga čini savršenim kao IaaS . RemoteApp , na primjer, pomaže u korištenju virtualnih strojeva za implementaciju Windows programa. Zatim tu je usluga Active Directory i SQL poslužitelj. Također podržava otvorene tehnologije kao što su distribucije Linuxa^(Linux) koje se mogu nalaziti u virtualnim strojevima.

P12: Kako se zove usluga u Azureu koja vam pomaže u upravljanju resursima?^{(Q12: What is the name of the service in Azure that helps you manage resources?)}

A12: Azure Resource Manager

P13: Navedite neke web aplikacije koje se mogu implementirati uz Azure^{(Q13: Name some web applications that can be deployed with Azure)}

A13 : Mnoge web aplikacije uključujući otvoreni izvor mogu se postaviti na Azure . Neki primjeri su PHP , WCF i ASP.NET .

P14: Koje su tri vrste uloga u Microsoft Azureu? -ILI- Koje su uloge u Microsoft Azureu?^{(Q14: What are the three types of roles in Microsoft Azure? -OR- What are Roles in Microsoft Azure?)}

O14: Postoje tri vrste uloga u Microsoft Azure . Te uloge su web-uloga^{(Web Role)} , uloga radnika^{(Worker Role)} i uloga VM^{(VM Role)} -a . Web uloge^{(Web Roles)} pomažu u implementaciji web-mjesta. Dobar je za pokretanje web aplikacija. Uloga radnika^{(Worker Role)} pomaže web ulozi^{(Web Role)} . Pokreće pozadinske procese za podršku web uloge^{(Web Role)} . Uloga VM^{(VM Role)} -a omogućuje korisnicima da prilagode poslužitelje na kojima se izvode web-uloga^{(Web Role)} i radne uloge^{(Worker Roles)} .

P15: Što je usluga Azure Active Directory?^{(Q15: What is Azure Active Directory service?)}

A15: Azure Active Directory Service je usluga upravljanja imenikom i identitetom koja se temelji na više zakupaca u oblaku koja kombinira osnovne usluge imenika, upravljanje pristupom aplikacijama i zaštitu identiteta. Drugim riječima, to je sustav upravljanja identitetom i pristupom. Pomaže u dodjeljivanju privilegija pristupa korisnicima različitim resursima na mreži. Također se koristi za održavanje informacija o mreži i povezanim resursima.

P16: Jesu li AD i Azure AD isti?^{(Q16: Are AD and Azure AD same?)}

O16: Ne. Active Directory u sustavu Windows^(Windows) je lokalni direktorij koji pohranjuje informacije o mreži. Većina ljudi brka Azure AD kao mrežnu verziju sustava Windows AD . Ali to nije tako. Azure AD je pomoćnik za konfiguraciju oblaka dok je AD za lokalne mreže

P17: Što rade AD i Azure AD?^{(Q17: What do AD and Azure AD do?)}

A16: Windows AD je sustav kreiran za lokalne mreže dok je Azure AD zaseban sustav kreiran samo za oblak. Obje čuvaju informacije o mrežama, mrežnim resursima i pomažu u pružanju pristupa ili ograničavanju privilegija različitim korisnicima za različite resurse na mreži. Azure AD je skalabilan i izgrađen je da podržava dodjelu resursa na globalnoj razini. Azure AD vam također pomaže kada svoje lokalno računanje premjestite u oblak.

P18: Je li Azure IaaS ili PaaS?^{(Q18: Is Azure IaaS or PaaS?)}

A18: Azure nudi sve tri vrste usluga – SaaS , PaaS i IaaS . Ali uglavnom se koristi kao PaaS . Iako mnogi programeri radije implementiraju svoje aplikacije na Azure ( PaaS model), neki su zainteresirani za razvoj cijele aplikacije i hosting na Azure umjesto korištenja lokalnih računala ( IaaS model). Dakle, služi i kao IaaS i PaaS .

P19: Što su redovi za pohranu Azure?^{(Q19: What are Azure Storage Queues?)}

A19: Azure Queue pohrana je Azure usluga koja omogućuje dohvaćanje poruka i pristup s bilo kojeg mjesta na planetu. Usluga koristi jednostavan Hyper Text Transfer Protocol ( HTTP ili HTTPS ).

P20: Što je otrov u redovima za pohranu Azure?^{(Q20: What is Poison in Azure Storage Queues?)}

O20: Poruke koje su premašile maksimalni broj pokušaja dostave aplikaciji nazivaju se otrovom na jeziku Microsoft Azure . Može biti mnogo razloga zašto se to događa.

Gore navedena su neka najčešće postavljana pitanja i odgovori za intervjue o računalstvu u oblaku. Odgovore sam napisao sa svojim ograničenim znanjem. Budući da ste možda prošli odgovarajući tečaj za učenje računalstva u oblaku, uvijek možete bolje odgovoriti. Jednostavno sam dao upute. Na čitateljima je da poboljšaju smjernice koristeći sve resurse koje imaju.

SAVJET^(TIP) : Zainteresirati će vas ovaj PDF s pitanjima i odgovorima za intervju za Microsoft Azure koji su objavili Microsoftovi MVP^{(Microsoft MVPs)} - i.

All the best!

Cloud Computing interview questions and answers

The scope of Cloud computing is huge. If you are looking for a cloud-related job, consider learning these cloud computing skills. Cloud computing interview questions will also be based on one or more of those skills.

In this article, I have compiled the most asked Cloud Computing interview questions and answers involving Microsoft Azure. Though AWS is the most used cloud service as of now, Microsoft Azure is catching up and is already the backbone of many organizations. Check out the interview questions on Microsoft Azure among the most asked cloud computing interview questions below. Note that the wording of these questions may vary so you can tweak answers to suit the tone of questions.

Cloud Computing interview questions and answers

This section includes cloud computing interview questions that are generic and apply to all platforms like AWS, Microsoft Azure, or Google Apps, etc.

Q1: How do you explain cloud to a layperson? Or What is cloud computing?

A1: Cloud is the extension of local or on-premise computing. When we say we use cloud computing, we are using someone else’s (generally a cloud service provider’s) resources. These resources can be anything from just external storage space to remote infrastructure. The service provider charges users based on the usage of resources.

Q2: What are the basic traits of cloud computing? -OR- When do you call a service, cloud computing?

A2:  The cloud computing vendor should provide the following basic features that are essential for the service to be called cloud computing service. The service should be scalable. That is, when required, the cloud service provider should able to increase the resources and when the demand reduces, the cloud service provider should be able to release the resources for other customers so that the user is not overcharged. Other features are real-time backup, high uptime, and security. Logs are also essential, but they are presented on-demand only. These logs contain who accessed what service at what time etc. information.

Q3: What is grid computing? Is it the same as cloud computing? What are the differences between grid computing and cloud computing?

A3: For a better understanding of the difference between cloud computing and grid computing, please read this article – Grid vs Cloud.

Q4: How many types of clouds are there in practice? -OR- Explain cloud deployment models in use today.

A4: There are three cloud deployment types. First is the public cloud that hosts several tenants’ data. An example of a public cloud is OneDrive as the same servers host many accounts on each. The second deployment model is a private cloud. In this, the resources are hosted on a dedicated cloud. An example of a private cloud could be website hosting with a particular hosting provider. The third and last deployment model is the hybrid cloud. In this, parts of the resources are hosted on the public cloud, and some of them are used exclusively from a private cloud. An example of a hybrid network can be an online store. Part of the website is hosted on the public cloud, and other important artifacts are hosted locally so that they are not compromised. Read the details on cloud computing deployment.

Q5: What are the three service models of cloud computing?

A5: Software as Service, Platform as a service, IaaS (Infrastructure as a service). Please read this article on cloud service models for more details on each type of service model.

Q6: What do you mean by the term “Eucalyptus” in cloud computing?

A6: Eucalyptus stands for “Elastic Utility Computing Architecture for Linking your Programs to useful Systems”. It is basically for AWS (Amazon Web Services).

Q7: What is OpenStack? OR What is the use of OpenStack?

A7: OpenStack is an open-source cloud computing element serving IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service). For more details, check out OpenStack.org.

Q8: What are the benefits of cloud computing over in-premise computing?

A8: On-Premise computing requires a lot of preparation – in terms of both money and time. If an organization chooses to go for the cloud, it saves much on the initial setup cost. In cloud computing, maintenance is taken care of by the service provider. In On-Premise computing, we’ll need at least one dedicated IT technician to take care of troubleshooting. Cloud provides upgrade and scalability as and when required. One can increase the number of resources or reduce them according to the usage. On-premise computing, on the other hand, will require procurement of more hardware and software and these purchases are permanent so in a way, the cloud saves money while providing back-ups, etc. features.

Q9: What is IaaS? What does it do? Give some examples of IaaS

A9: IaaS stands for Infrastructure as a Service. When a cloud offers an infrastructure for hire/rental, it is called IaaS. Examples of IaaS are AWS (Amazon Web Services), Microsoft Azure, Google Computer Engine, and CISCO Metapod.

Q10: Explain AWS and its components

A10: AWS stands for Amazon Web Services. It is basically infrastructure as a service. The main components of AWS are as follows:

1. DNS – It offers a service platform that is based on a domain name server; also called route-53
2. E-mail Service Simple: Other than SMTP (Simple Main Transfer Protocol), the email can also be sent using API calls local to AWS.

Azure cloud computing interview questions

This section covers basic but most asked cloud computing interview questions related to Microsoft Azure, which is Infrastructure as a Service platform.

Question 11: What is Microsoft Azure -OR- What do you know about Microsoft Azure?

Answer 11: Microsoft Azure is a cloud offering from Microsoft. It offers services such as content delivery networks (CDNs), Virtual Machines (VM), and some really good proprietary software that makes it perfect as an IaaS. RemoteApp, for example, helps in using virtual machines to deploy Windows programs. Then there is Active Directory service and SQL server. It also supports open technologies such as Linux distributions that can be contained in virtual machines.

Q12: What is the name of the service in Azure that helps you manage resources?

A12: Azure Resource Manager

Q13: Name some web applications that can be deployed with Azure

A13: Many web applications including open source can be deployed on Azure. Some examples are PHP, WCF, and ASP.NET.

Q14: What are the three types of roles in Microsoft Azure? -OR- What are Roles in Microsoft Azure?

A14:  There are three types of roles in Microsoft Azure. These roles are Web Role, Worker Role, and VM Role. Web Roles help in deploying websites. It is good for running web applications. Worker Role assists Web Role. It runs background processes to support Web Role. The VM Role lets the users customize the servers on which the Web Role and Worker Roles are running.

Q15: What is Azure Active Directory service?

A15: Azure Active Directory Service is a Multi-Tenant Cloud-based directory and identity management service that combines core directory services, application access management, and identity protection.  In other words, it is an identity and access management system. It helps in granting access privileges to users to different resources on the network. It is also used for maintaining information about the network and related resources.

Q16: Are AD and Azure AD same?

A16: No. Active Directory in Windows is an on-premise directory that stores information about the network. Most people confuse Azure AD to be an online version of Windows AD. But that’s not the case. Azure AD is a cloud configuration helper while AD is for local networks

Q17: What do AD and Azure AD do?

A16: Windows AD is a system created for local networks whereas Azure AD is a separate system created only for the cloud. Both keep information about networks, network resources, and help in providing accessing or restricting privileges to different users for different resources on the network. Azure AD is scalable which has been built to support global-scale resource allotments. Azure AD also helps you when you move your on-premise computing to the cloud.

Q18: Is Azure IaaS or PaaS?

A18: Azure offers all three types of services – SaaS, PaaS, and IaaS. But it is mostly used as a PaaS. While many developers prefer to deploy their apps on Azure (PaaS model), some are keen on both developing the whole app and hosting it on Azure instead of using local computers (IaaS model). Thus, it serves both as IaaS and PaaS.

Q19: What are Azure Storage Queues?

A19: Azure Queue storage is an Azure service that allows messages to be retrieved and accessed from anywhere on the planet. The service uses simple Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP or HTTPS).

Q20: What is Poison in Azure Storage Queues?

A20: Messages that have exceeded the max number of delivery attempts to the application is called poison in the language of Microsoft Azure. There can be many reasons why this happens.

The above are some most asked cloud computing interview questions and answers. I wrote the answers with my limited knowledge. Since you may have taken a proper course to learn cloud computing, you can always answer better. I’ve simply given pointers. It is up to the readers to improve upon the pointers using whatever resources they have.

TIP: This Microsoft Azure Interview Questions & Answers PDF released by Microsoft MVPs will interest you.

All the best!

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