“ Informacije^{(Information)} su roba kraljeva.” Citat se pripisuje Tonyju Robbinsu^{(Tony Robbins)} , ali zasigurno je to aksiom otkad imamo kraljevske članove. Kao što osiguravamo druge dragocjenosti poput novca ili nakita, također moramo osigurati svoje podatke.

Najbolji način da osigurate informacije je učiniti ih besmislenim za druge. To radimo putem enkripcije. Nemamo novca koje tvrtke i vlade moraju za šifriranje softvera, pa ćemo morati pogledati besplatni softver za šifriranje. Samo zato što je besplatno, ne znači da je loše. Stoga vam predstavljamo najbolji besplatni softver za šifriranje.

O šifriranju^{(About Encryption)}

Znate da šifriranje znači učiniti podatke nečitljivim^{(encryption means making data unreadable)} osim ako nemate ključ. Ono što možda ne znate su različite metode ili algoritmi koji se koriste za šifriranje podataka.

Ključevi za šifriranje^{(Encryption Keys)}

Zamislite^(Think) ključ za šifriranje kao naprednu vrstu lozinke. Razlika je u tome što su ključevi za šifriranje često vrlo dugi i nasumični. Često ćete ih vidjeti kako se nazivaju 128-bitnim ili 256-bitnim ključevima, što je broj jednako djeljiv s 8. Broj se odnosi na to koliko bitova čini ključ ili duljinu ključa.

Dok vas lozinka uvlači u nešto, ključ za šifriranje je također dio procesa šifriranja i dešifriranja podataka. Kako izgledaju šifrirani podaci ovisi o ključu.

Za podatke kojima ćete pristupiti samo vi, simetrični ključevi^{(symmetric keys)} najbolje funkcioniraju. Naziva se simetričnim jer ključ radi s obje strane – šifriranje i dešifriranje. Duljina ključa^(Key) se ne smatra toliko važnom s ovim sustavom jer biste trebali biti jedini s ključem i fizičkim pristupom podacima. NSA zahtijeva 256-bitne simetrične ključeve .

Za slanje ili primanje podataka s drugim osobama, simetrični ključ nije dobra ideja jer bi prijevoznik mogao dešifrirati podatke. Dakle, koristi se asimetrični^{(asymmetric key)} sustav ključeva. To znači da postoje javni i privatni ključ. Javni ključ dijelite sa svojim prijateljima kako biste šifrirali poruke koje vam oni šalju. Javni ključ se može koristiti samo za šifriranje. Zatim koristite privatni ključ za dešifriranje poruka.

Asimetrični^(Asymmetric) ključevi obično su duži od simetričnih ključeva jer podaci odlaze u divljinu, gdje ih ljudi mogu zgrabiti i pokušati provaliti. Što je ključ duži, to postaje manje prikladan. Nacionalni institut^{(National Institute)} za znanost^(Science) i tehnologiju^(Technology) preporučuje 2048-bitne ključeve. 

AES – Napredni sustav šifriranja^{(AES – Advanced Encryption System)}

Najpopularniji algoritam za šifriranje, AES je standardni algoritam za šifriranje simetričnog ključa. AES enkripcija^{(AES encryption)} , korištenjem 128-bitnih ključeva, dovoljna je za većinu ljudi, ali vladine agencije obično koriste 256-bitne ili duže ključeve. Ovo je šifriranje koje želite za stacionarne podatke poput USB flash pogona^{(USB flash drives)} ili tvrdih diskova.

RSA – Rivest Shamir Adleman Enkripcija^{(RSA – Rivest Shamir Adleman Encryption)}

RSA je javni ili asimetrični algoritam šifriranja s ključem. Algoritam se koristi u različitim sigurnosnim protokolima kao što su OpenPGP i SSL certifikati^{(SSL certificates)} koji se koriste s HTTPS protokolom. Vidjet ćete te protokole koji koriste 1024-bitne ili 2048-bitne ključeve. Potonji je popularniji. Ako tražite zaštićenu komunikaciju, potražite pojmove kao što su RSA , HTTPS , PGP, OpenPGP i GnuPG.

Najbolja besplatna enkripcija za diskove^{(Best Free Encryption for Drives)}

Počnimo s najvećim spremištem informacija koje većina nas ima, tvrdim diskovima u našim računalima. Preporučamo dva, ovisno o tome koji operativni sustav (OS) koristite.

FileVault 2

OS: Apple OS X Lion i noviji

Algoritam šifriranja:^{(Encryption Algorithm:)} XTS-AES 128-bit

Apple ima reputaciju da štiti podatke svojih kupaca, pa ne čudi što uključuju FileVault s OS^{(FileVault with OS X)} X. FileVault šifrira pogon za pokretanje Maca koristeći vašu lozinku za prijavu kao šifru za šifriranje. To ga čini težim za korištenje na višekorisničkim Mac računalima^(Macs) . 

Pogon mora biti otključan prije nego što bilo tko može koristiti Mac . Ako korisnik ima dopuštenja za otključavanje, u redu je. Ako ne, onda se netko drugi s dopuštenjima za otključavanje mora prvi prijaviti, a zatim se drugi korisnik može prijaviti i raditi.

VeraCrypt

OS: Windows, OS X, Linux

Algoritam šifriranja: ^{(Encryption Algorithm: )}AES 256-bit , Camellia , Kuznyechik , Serpent , Twofish i varijante

VeraCrypt otvorenog koda izvrstan je za enkripciju cijelog volumena. Koristi on-the-fly enkripciju, što znači kako se podaci zapisuju na disk, oni se šifriraju. U bilo kojem trenutku, sve je šifrirano. 

Osim što je besplatan i dostupan za Windows , Mac i Linux , VeraCrypt ima jedinstvenu značajku stvaranja skrivenog šifriranog volumena^{(creating a hidden encrypted volume)} unutar normalnog šifriranog volumena. 

Zašto je ovo važno? Zamislite da ste iz nekog razloga prisiljeni dešifrirati svoj pogon. U redu je, samo naprijed. Sve vaše stvarno važne datoteke nalaze se u skrivenom šifriranom volumenu. Stvoren ispravno, skriveni volumen se uopće neće moći otkriti, pa ako se čini da ne postoji, ne možete biti prisiljeni dešifrirati ga. To je vjerojatno više nego što je većini ljudi potrebno, ali je super.

Najbolji besplatni softver za šifriranje u oblaku^{(Best Free Cloud Encryption Software)}

Boxcryptor

OS: Windows, macOS, Android, iOS

Algoritam šifriranja:^{(Encryption Algorithm:)} AES 256-bitni i RSA 4096-bitni

Kada stavimo svoje datoteke u pohranu u oblaku^{(cloud storage)} , također polažemo puno povjerenja u pružatelja usluga da ih zaštiti. Nije da imamo pogon u našoj kući. Kako možemo znati da mu netko drugi nije pristupio ili da pružatelj usluga u oblaku ne prolazi kroz to? mi nemamo. Tu dolazi Boxcryptor . 

Boxcryptor agent^(Boxcryptor) živi na vašem računalu i šifrira sve podatke koji se šalju u vašu pohranu u oblaku, čineći ih nečitljivim nikome osim vama. Kada otvorite te datoteke, Boxcryptor ih dešifrira bez ikakvih dodatnih koraka. To se jednostavno dogodi. 

Boxcryptor radi na Windows , macOS, Android , iOS, pa čak i unutar Microsoftovih^(Microsoft) timova. Integrirat će se s većinom glavnih pružatelja usluga pohrane u oblaku kao što su OneDrive , Google Drive, Dropbox , iCloud , SharePoint i još mnogo toga. Pojedinci ga mogu besplatno koristiti s jednim davateljem usluga u oblaku i na 2 uređaja, što je većini ljudi dovoljno.

Najbolja besplatna sigurna e-pošta s enkripcijom^{(Best Free Secure Email with Encryption)}

ProtonMail

OS: Svako računalo s web-preglednikom, ima aplikacije za iOS i Android

Algoritam šifriranja:^{(Encryption Algorithm: )} PGP

Vašu e- poštu ^(ProtonMail)štiti^{(email is protected)} ProtonMail tehnologijom i zakonom. ProtonMail ne čuva zapisnike aktivnosti niti pohranjuje IP adrese ili bilo koje druge podatke koji se mogu koristiti za vašu identifikaciju. Dodajte tome mogućnost PGP enkripcije s 500 MB besplatnog prostora za pohranu i Protonmail je velika sila za sigurnost e-pošte. 

Povrh toga, Protonmail ima sjedište u Švicarskoj^{(Switzerland)} , poznatoj po čokoladi, satovima i nekim od najjačih zakona o privatnosti na svijetu. Zbog toga bilo kome teže natjerati ProtonMail da objavi sve podatke koje ima, u usporedbi s većinom drugih zemalja.

Najbolji besplatni dodatak ili proširenje za šifriranje e-pošte^{(Best Free Email Encryption Add-on Or Extension)}

Mailvelope

OS: bilo koji, radi u web-preglednicima Chrome , Edge i Firefox

Algoritam šifriranja:^{(Encryption Algorithm: )} OpenPGP

Niste spremni napustiti svog trenutačnog davatelja usluge e-pošte da biste dobili enkripciju? Uz Mailvelope ne morate. Funkcionirajući kao dodatak pregledniku^{(browser add-on)} , Mailvelope vam daje mogućnost šifriranja vaše e-pošte^{(encrypt your emails)} pomoću GnuPG - a i ima podršku za USB token. 

Svoj kriptografski ključ možete čuvati na USB flash disku. To sprječava bilo koga da dobije vaš ključ osim ako mu nema fizički pristup. Mailvelope je besplatan za osobnu upotrebu, radi u preglednicima Firefox^(Firefox) , Chrome , Edge i Brave^{(Brave browsers)} te svim uobičajenim davateljima web-pošte.

kriptomatski^{(Encryptomatic)(Encryptomatic)}

OS: Outlook u sustavu Windows 10 

Algoritam šifriranja:^{(Encryption Algorithm: )} OpenPGP

Encryptomatic zaslužuje počasno priznanje jer pruža dodatak za Outlook koji vam omogućuje end-to-end OpenPGP enkripciju. Besplatno je za osobnu upotrebu, neprofitne organizacije i nezavisne novinare. Ako ste strastveni korisnik Outlooka^{(Outlook user)} , dužni ste provjeriti Encryptomatic . Enkripciju e-pošte čini jednostavnim kao desni klik.

Najbolja besplatna enkripcija poruka^{(Best Free Messaging Encryption)}

Signal

OS: Android, iOS, Windows, Mac, Linux

Algoritam šifriranja:^{(Encryption Algorithm: )} signalni protokol – kombinira algoritam Double Ratchet^{(Double Ratchet algorithm)} , X3DH , Sesame algoritam^{(Sesame Algorithm)} , XEdDSA i VXEdDSA sheme potpisa^{(XEdDSA and VXEdDSA signature schemes)} , AES 256-bit i HMAC-SHA256

U posljednje vrijeme dosta je bilo u vijestima i pisali smo o tome za sigurno slanje poruka. Signal Private Messenger godinama pruža besplatnu end-to-end šifriranu razmjenu poruka^{(free end-to-end encrypted messaging)} . Isprva je Signal nudio samo šifrirane tekstualne poruke, ali je narastao i uključio šifrirane glasovne i videopozive.

Tu je i stolna aplikacija Signal^{(Signal desktop app)} za Windows , Mac i Linux . Riječ je o potpuno šifriranom komunikacijskom paketu koji podržavaju zagovornik privatnosti Edward Snowden i osnivač Twittera^(Twitter) Jack Dorsey.

Najbolji besplatni softver za šifriranje preglednika^{(Best Free Browser Encryption Software)}

HTTPS posvuda^{(HTTPS Everywhere)(HTTPS Everywhere)}

OS: bilo koje stolno računalo koje koristi preglednike Firefox^(Firefox) , Chrome , Edge , Opera , Brave ili Tor
^{(Tor browsers)}Android – Firefox, Brave i Tor
iOS – Onion preglednik

Algoritam šifriranja:^{(Encryption Algorithm: )} RSA

Sve interakcije s web stranicama mogu se prenijeti putem interneta^(Internet) . Tijekom prijenosa, podacima se može pristupiti bilo gdje između vašeg računala i mjesta na kojem se nalazi stranica. Zato postoji toliki poticaj u industriji da svaka web stranica koristi sigurnosni protokol za prijenos hiperteksta (HTTPS)^{(Hypertext Transfer Secure Protocol (HTTPS))} . 

Međutim, mnogim stranicama se može pristupiti putem uobičajenog protokola za prijenos hiperteksta^{(Hypertext Transfer Protocol)} ( HTTP ). HTTPS Everywhere ne provodi nikakvu enkripciju, ali će natjerati preglednik da koristi HTTPS verziju web-mjesta ako postoji u skupu podataka DuckDuckGo Smarter Encryption . To je baza podataka od preko 12 milijuna web-mjesta za koje se zna da imaju HTTPS verzije. Ako dijelovi stranice dolaze s web poslužitelja koji^{(web servers)} ne koriste HTTPS , ti dijelovi neće biti šifrirani. HTTPS Everywhere može se instalirati u većinu glavnih web preglednika i već je uključen u preglednike Brave i Tor .

Najbolji besplatni sigurnosni certifikat za šifriranje^{(Best Free Security Certificate For Encryption)}

LetsEncrypt

OS: Bilo koji

Algoritam šifriranja:^{(Encryption Algorithm: )} RSA

U ovom trenutku postoji samo jedno besplatno tijelo za sigurnosne certifikate^{(free security certificate)} , tako da LetsEncrypt pobjeđuje prema zadanim postavkama. Ne budite^(Make) zabune, LetsEncrypt je još uvijek vrijedan naslova. Svi TLS certifikati koje izdaje LetsEncrypt moraju biti provjereni domenom i proces se može automatizirati pomoću Certbot ACME klijenta.

Više od 260 milijuna web-mjesta koristi certifikate ovlaštene od strane LetsEncrypt . Pregledavanje popisa sponzora za LetsEncrypt je kao pregledavanje imenika u Silicijskoj dolini^{(Silicon Valley)} .

Počnite šifrirati^{(Start Encrypting)}

Uz neku kombinaciju ovdje navedenog besplatnog softvera za šifriranje, vi i vaši podaci bit ćete sigurniji od većine ljudi na svijetu. Bilo koja količina enkripcije bolja je nego nikakva jer kriminalci traže voće koje je najlakše ubrati. Čim naiđu na enkripciju bolje im je biti sočna isplata ili nije vrijedna truda. Stoga počnite šifrirati sada.

The Best Free Encryption Software in 2021

“Information is the cоmmodity of kings.” The quote is attributed to Tony Robbins, but surely it has been an axiom for as long as we’vе had royalty. Just as we secure other valuables like money or jewelry, we also need to secure our informatіon.

The best way to secure information is to make it meaningless to others. We do that through encryption. We don’t have the money businesses and governments have to encrypt software, so we’ll have to look at free encryption software. Just because it’s free, doesn’t mean it’s bad. So we present to you the best free encryption software.

About Encryption

You know that encryption means making data unreadable unless you have the key. What you might not know is the different methods, or algorithms, used to encrypt data.

Encryption Keys

Think of an encryption key as an advanced sort of password. The difference is that encryption keys are often very long and random. You’ll often see them referred to as 128-bit or 256-bit keys, a number evenly divisible by 8. The number refers to how many bits make up the key or the length of the key.

While a password gets you into something, an encryption key is also part of the process of encrypting and decrypting data. What the encrypted data looks like is dependent on the key.

For data that only you will access, symmetric keys work best. It’s called symmetric because the key works on both sides – encryption and decryption. Key length isn’t considered as important with this system as you should be the only one with the key and physical access to the data. The NSA requires 256-bit symmetric keys.

For sending or receiving data with other people, a symmetric key isn’t a good idea since the carrier would be able to decrypt the data. So an asymmetric key system is used. This means there is a public key and a private key. You share the public key with your friends to encrypt messages they send to you. The public key can only be used for encryption. Then you use the private key to decrypt the messages.

Asymmetric keys are normally longer than symmetric keys since the data is going out into the wild, where people can grab it and try to crack it. The longer the key, the less convenient it becomes. The National Institute of Science and Technology recommends 2048-bit keys. 

AES – Advanced Encryption System

The most popular encryption algorithm, AES is the standard symmetric key encryption algorithm. AES encryption, using 128-bit keys, is sufficient for most people, but government agencies tend to use 256-bit or longer keys. This is the encryption you want for stationary data like USB flash drives, or hard drives.

RSA – Rivest Shamir Adleman Encryption

RSA is a public, or asymmetric, key encryption algorithm. The algorithm is used in different security protocols like OpenPGP and SSL certificates used with the HTTPS protocol. You’ll see these protocols using 1024-bit or 2048-bit keys. The latter is more popular. If you’re looking for secured communications, look for terms like RSA, HTTPS, PGP, OpenPGP, and GnuPG.

Best Free Encryption for Drives

Let’s start with the biggest store of information most of us have, the hard drives in our computers. We’re recommending two, depending on what operating system (OS) you use.

FileVault 2

OS: Apple OS X Lion and newer

Encryption Algorithm: XTS-AES 128-bit

Apple has a reputation for being protective of its customers’ data, so it’s no surprise they include FileVault with OS X. FileVault encrypts Mac’s startup drive using your login password as the encryption passphrase. That does make it more difficult to use on multi user Macs. 

The drive has to be unlocked before anyone can use the Mac. If the user has unlock permissions, they’re fine. If they don’t, then someone else with unlock permissions must log in first, and then the other user can log in and work.

VeraCrypt

OS: Windows, OS X, Linux

Encryption Algorithm: AES 256-bit, Camellia, Kuznyechik, Serpent, Twofish, and variants

The open-source VeraCrypt is great for whole volume encryption. It uses on-the-fly encryption, meaning as data is written to the disk, it gets encrypted. At any point in time, everything is encrypted. 

Besides being free and available for Windows, Mac, and Linux, VeraCrypt has the unique feature of creating a hidden encrypted volume inside the normal encrypted volume. 

Why is this important? Imagine that you are compelled to decrypt your drive for some reason. That’s fine, go ahead. All of your really important files are in the hidden encrypted volume. Created properly, the hidden volume won’t be detectable at all, so if it doesn’t appear to exist you can’t be compelled to decrypt it. That’s probably more than most people need, but it is cool.

Best Free Cloud Encryption Software

Boxcryptor

OS: Windows, macOS, Android, iOS

Encryption Algorithm: AES 256-bit and RSA 4096-bit

When we put our files into cloud storage, we also put a lot of trust in the service provider to protect them. It’s not like we have the drive sitting in our house. How do we know someone else hasn’t accessed it or that the cloud service provider isn’t going through it? We don’t. That’s where Boxcryptor comes in. 

The Boxcryptor agent lives on your computer and encrypts all data being sent up to your cloud storage, making it unreadable to anyone but you. When you open those files, Boxcryptor decrypts them without any extra steps. It just happens. 

Boxcryptor works on Windows, macOS, Android, iOS, and even within Microsoft teams. It will integrate with most major cloud storage providers such as OneDrive, Google Drive, Dropbox, iCloud, SharePoint, and more. It’s free for individuals to use with one cloud provider and on 2 devices, which is enough for most people.

Best Free Secure Email with Encryption

ProtonMail

OS: Any computer with a web browser, has apps for iOS, and Android

Encryption Algorithm: PGP

Your email is protected by ProtonMail with technology and law. ProtonMail doesn’t keep logs of the activity or store IP addresses or any other data that may be used to identify you. Add the PGP encryption capability to that with 500MB of free storage and Protonmail is a formidable force for email security. 

On top of that, Protonmail is based in Switzerland, known for chocolate, watches, and some of the strongest privacy laws in the world. That makes it more difficult for anyone to compel ProtonMail to release whatever data they may have, compared to most other countries.

Best Free Email Encryption Add-on Or Extension

Mailvelope

OS: Any, runs in Chrome, Edge, and Firefox web browsers

Encryption Algorithm: OpenPGP

Not ready to leave your current email provider to get encryption? With Mailvelope, you don’t have to. Functioning as a browser add-on, Mailvelope gives you the ability to encrypt your emails with GnuPG and has USB token support. 

You can keep your cryptographic key on a USB flash drive. This prevents anyone from getting your key unless they have physical access to it. Mailvelope is free for personal use, works in Firefox, Chrome, Edge, and Brave browsers, and all common webmail providers.

Encryptomatic

OS: Outlook on Windows 10 

Encryption Algorithm: OpenPGP

Encryptomatic deserves an honorable mention as it provides an Outlook add-in to give you end-to-end OpenPGP encryption. It’s free for personal use, non-profits, and independent journalists. If you’re an avid Outlook user, you owe it to yourself to check out Encryptomatic. It makes email encryption as simple as a right-click.

Best Free Messaging Encryption

Signal

OS: Android, iOS, Windows, Mac, Linux

Encryption Algorithm: Signal Protocol – combines Double Ratchet algorithm, X3DH, Sesame Algorithm, XEdDSA and VXEdDSA signature schemes, AES 256-bit, and HMAC-SHA256

It’s been in the news a lot lately and we’ve written about it for secure messaging. Signal Private Messenger has provided free end-to-end encrypted messaging for years. At first, Signal only offered encrypted text messaging, but has grown to include encrypted voice and video calling.

There’s also a Signal desktop app for Windows, Mac, and Linux. It’s a fully encrypted communications suite endorsed by privacy advocate Edward Snowden and Twitter founder Jack Dorsey.

Best Free Browser Encryption Software

HTTPS Everywhere

OS: Any desktop using Firefox, Chrome, Edge, Opera, Brave, or Tor browsers
Android – Firefox, Brave, and Tor
iOS – Onion Browser

Encryption Algorithm: RSA

All interactions with a website can be transmitted over the Internet. During transmission, the data could be accessed anywhere between your computer and where the site is hosted. That’s why there’s such a push in the industry to make every website use the Hypertext Transfer Secure Protocol (HTTPS). 

However, many sites can be accessed through regular Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP). HTTPS Everywhere doesn’t do any encryption but it will force the browser to use the HTTPS version of a site if it exists in the DuckDuckGo Smarter Encryption dataset. That’s a database of over 12 million sites that are known to have HTTPS versions.  If parts of a site come from web servers not using HTTPS, those parts will not be encrypted. HTTPS Everywhere can be installed in most major web browsers and is already included in the Brave and Tor browsers.

Best Free Security Certificate For Encryption

LetsEncrypt

OS: Any

Encryption Algorithm: RSA

At this time there’s only one free security certificate authority, so LetsEncrypt wins by default. Make no mistake, LetsEncrypt is still worthy of the title. All TLS certificates issued by LetsEncrypt must be domain-verified and the process can be automated using the Certbot ACME client.

Over 260 million websites are using certificates authorized by LetsEncrypt. Looking through the list of sponsors for LetsEncrypt is like looking through a Silicon Valley directory.

Start Encrypting

With some combination of the free encryption software listed here, you and your data will be more secure than most people in the world. Any amount of encryption is better than none because criminals look for the easiest fruit to pick. As soon as they come across encryption it better be a juicy payoff or it’s not worth the effort. So start encrypting now.

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