Prošlo je neko vrijeme otkako je Microsoft izjavio svoju ljubav prema Linuxu^(Linux) i, u početku, bilo je čudno vidjeti kako Windows 10 prihvaća Tux pingvina. Međutim, činjenica da Windows 10 može izravno pokretati izvorne Linux aplikacije, bez potrebe za korištenjem virtualnih strojeva, dokaz je nove Microsoftove^(Microsoft) strategije prihvaćanja drugih ekosustava. Čudna^(Strange) vremena u kojima živimo, zar ne? Jeste^(Were) li očekivali da ćete vidjeti Ubuntu , openSUSE, Fedoru^(Fedora) i slične koji se nativno pokreću u sustavu Windows 10^{(Windows 10)} ? Evo kako doćiWindows podsustav za Linux (WSL)^{(Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL))} i kako instalirati različite distribucije Linuxa^(Linux) u sustavu Windows 10^{(Windows 10)} :

NAPOMENA:^(NOTE:) Sve predstavljene značajke dostupne su u Windows 10 verziji 1903 ( ažuriranje iz ^(Update)svibnja 2019.^{(May 2019)} ) ili novijoj. Ako koristite stariju verziju sustava Windows 10 , možda nećete imati pristup svim značajkama. Provjerite svoju verziju sustava Windows 10^{(Check your Windows 10 build)} i, ako je potrebno, nabavite najnovije ažuriranje^{(latest Windows 10 update )} za Windows 10 koje vam je dostupno.

Kako instalirati podsustav Windows^{(Windows Subsystem)} za Linux pomoću značajki sustava Windows^(Windows)

Prije nego što budete mogli instalirati bilo koju distribuciju Linuxa^(Linux) na svoje računalo sa sustavom Windows 10, morate instalirati Windows podsustav za Linux (WSL)^{(Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL))} . Ako više volite klikove za pokretanje naredbi, najlakši način da to učinite je iz značajki sustava Windows^{(Windows Features)} .

U polje za pretraživanje na programskoj traci upišite "značajke"^("features") i kliknite ili dodirnite "Uključi ili isključi značajke sustava Windows". ^{("Turn Windows features on or off.")}Alternativno, ako više volite staru upravljačku ploču^{(Control Panel)} , također možete slijediti ovdje objašnjene korake: Kako dodati ili ukloniti (ne)željene značajke Windowsa, programe ili aplikacije^{(How to add or remove (un)wanted Windows features, programs or apps)} .

U prozoru Windows značajke^{(Windows Features)} pomaknite se prema dolje po popisu opcija i provjerite značajku pod nazivom "Podsustav Windows za Linux". ^{("Windows Subsystem for Linux.")}Zatim kliknite ili dodirnite U redu^(OK) .

Pričekajte nekoliko trenutaka da Windows 10 primijeni potrebne promjene.

Kada su promjene gotove, Windows 10 vam daje do znanja da morate ponovno pokrenuti računalo ili uređaj da biste dovršili instalaciju.

Ponovo pokrenite sada^{(Restart now)} ili odaberite ponovno pokretanje kasnije ako još imate posla na računalu ili uređaju sa sustavom Windows 10.

Kako instalirati podsustav Windows^{(Windows Subsystem)} za Linux , koristeći Powershell

PowerShell nudi još brži način instaliranja podsustava Windows za Linux (WSL)^{(Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL))} . Otvorite Powershell kao administrator^{(Open Powershell as administrator)} i unesite ovu naredbu: Enable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux . Pritisnite Enter na tipkovnici da biste pokrenuli naredbu.

Nakon kratkog vremena, Windows 10 završava instalaciju WSL-a (Windows Subsystem for Linux)^{(WSL (Windows Subsystem for Linux))} . Kada završi, trebao bi od vas tražiti da ponovno pokrenete računalo. Upišite Y ako to želite učiniti sada ili N ako se želite ponovno pokrenuti kasnije.

Nakon ponovnog pokretanja, Windows 10 završava instalaciju podsustava Windows za Linux (WSL)^{(Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL))} . Zatim možete preuzeti i instalirati bilo koju od dostupnih distribucija Linuxa^(Linux) .

Kako preuzeti i instalirati distribucije Linuxa^(Linux) na Windows 10 iz Microsoft Storea^{(Microsoft Store)}

Bez obzira na to kako ste odabrali instalirati Windows podsustav za Linux (WSL)^{(Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL))} , sada možete nastaviti i instalirati jednu od dostupnih distribucija Linuxa^(Linux) . Za one koji preferiraju klikove i dodire, najlakši način za instaliranje distribucije Linuxa^(Linux) je da to učinite iz trgovine Microsoft Store^{(Microsoft Store)} . Otvorite ga i potražite "linux" ili kliknite/dodirnite ovu izravnu vezu^{(direct link)} da vidite koje distribucije Linuxa^(Linux) možete dobiti.

Kada smo objavili ovaj vodič, ovo je bio popis Linux distribucija dostupnih u sustavu Windows 10: Ubuntu, openSUSE, Kali Linux , Debian , Fedora , Pengwin , Alpine i SUSE Linux Enterprise Server .

Odaberite distribuciju Linuxa^(Linux) koju želite, kliknite ili dodirnite je, a zatim pritisnite gumb Instaliraj .^(Install)

Ovisno o tome koliko je Linux distribucija i koliko je brza vaša internetska veza, može potrajati neko vrijeme dok se ne završi preuzimanje. Kada se preuzimanje završi, Windows 10 automatski instalira distribuciju Linuxa^(Linux) .

Kada je instalacija gotova, možete pokrenuti svoju novu distribuciju Linuxa^(Linux) klikom na gumb Pokreni^(Launch) na njegovoj stranici u Microsoft Storeu^{(Microsoft Store)} .

Alternativno, Windows 10 također stvara prikladan prečac za distribuciju Linuxa^(Linux) u vašem izborniku Start^{(Start Menu)} , koji možete koristiti za pokretanje kad god želite.

Kako preuzeti i instalirati distribucije Linuxa^(Linux) na Windows 10 iz PowerShell -a^(PowerShell)

Ako ste ljubitelj naredbenog retka, također možete preuzeti i instalirati Linux distribucije izravno iz PowerShell -a . Otvorite Powershell^{(Open Powershell)} kao administrator i pokrenite jednu od sljedećih naredbi, ovisno o tome koju distribuciju Linuxa^(Linux) želite:

• Ubuntu 18.04 : Invoke-WebRequest -Uri https://aka.ms/wsl-ubuntu-1804 -OutFile "$HomeDownloadsUbuntu1804.appx" -UseBasicParsing
• Ubuntu 18.04 ARM : Invoke-WebRequest -Uri https://aka.ms/wsl-ubuntu-1804-arm -OutFile "$HomeDownloadsUbuntu1804ARM.appx" -UseBasicParsing
• Ubuntu 16.04 : Invoke-WebRequest -Uri https://aka.ms/wsl-ubuntu-1604 -OutFile "$HomeDownloadsUbuntu1604.appx" -UseBasicParsing
• Debian GNU/Linux : Invoke-WebRequest -Uri https://aka.ms/wsl-debian-gnulinux -OutFile "$HomeDownloadsDebian.appx" -UseBasicParsing
• Kali Linux : Invoke-WebRequest -Uri https://aka.ms/wsl-kali-linux-new -OutFile "$HomeDownloadsKali.appx" -UseBasicParsing
• OpenSUSE Leap 42 : Invoke-WebRequest -Uri https://aka.ms/wsl-opensuse-42 -OutFile "$HomeDownloadsOpenSUSE.appx" -UseBasicParsing
• SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 : Invoke-WebRequest -Uri https://aka.ms/wsl-sles-12 -OutFile "$HomeDownloadsSUSELinuxEnterprise.appx" -UseBasicParsing
• Fedora Remix za WSL^{(Fedora Remix for WSL)} : Invoke-WebRequest -Uri https://github.com/WhitewaterFoundry/Fedora-Remix-for-WSL/releases/download/1.30.1/DistroLauncher-Appx_1.30.1.0_x64.appx -OutFile "$HomeDownloadsFedoraRemix.appx" -UseBasicParsing

Pritisnite Enter na tipkovnici i pričekajte da se preuzme Linux distribucijski paket. ^(Linux)Odabrana distribucija bit će spremljena u vašu mapu Preuzimanja . ^(Downloads)Međutim, ako više volite drugu lokaciju, zamijenite niz $HomeDownloads iz naredbe koju izvodite mapom koju preferirate.

Pričekajte^(Wait) dok se vaša Linux distribucija ne preuzme. Kada je gotovo, pokrenite jednu od sljedećih naredbi, ovisno o tome koju distribuciju Linuxa^(Linux) ste odabrali instalirati na svoje računalo sa sustavom Windows 10:

• Ubuntu 18.04 : Add-AppxPackage -Path "$HomeDownloadsUbuntu1804.appx"
• Ubuntu 18.04 ARM : IAdd-AppxPackage -Path "$HomeDownloadsUbuntu1804ARM.appx"
• Ubuntu 16.04 : Add-AppxPackage -Path "$HomeDownloadsUbuntu1604.appx"
• Debian GNU/Linux : Add-AppxPackage -Path "$HomeDownloadsDebian.appx"
• Kali Linux : Add-AppxPackage -Path "$HomeDownloadsKali.appx"
• OpenSUSE skok 42^{(OpenSUSE Leap 42)} : Add-AppxPackage -Path "$HomeDownloadsOpenSUSE.appx"
• SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 : Add-AppxPackage -Path "$HomeDownloadsSUSELinuxEnterprise.appx"
• Fedora Remix za WSL^{(Fedora Remix for WSL)} : Add-AppxPackage -Path "$HomeDownloadsFedoraRemix.appx"

Nakon što je instalacija gotova, u izborniku Start^{(Start Menu)} možete pronaći prikladne prečace za svoju distribuciju Linuxa^(Linux) . Pokrenite ga i uživajte!

To je sve! Sada možete početi igrati s Linuxom^(Linux) na svom Windows 10 PC-u! 🙂

Zaključak

Omogućavanje podsustava Windows za Linux (WSL)^{(Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL))} u sustavu Windows 10^{(Windows 10)} nije teško. Međutim, rad s Linuxom^(Linux) iz sustava Windows 10^{(Windows 10)} mogao bi biti nešto što nije baš za svakoga. Ako ste programer, ako volite izvoditi naredbe u tekstualnom okruženju ili ako imate iskustva u radu s Linuxom^(Linux) , vjerojatno ćete biti vrlo uzbuđeni zbog ljubavi koju Windows 10 sada pokazuje korisnicima Linuxa^(Linux) .

How do I get the Windows Subsystem for Linux?

Іt's been a while since Micrоsoft declared its love for Linux, and, at first, it felt strange to ѕee Windows 10 embrace the Tux penguin. However, the fact that Windows 10 cаn run native Linux applications directly, without having to resort to using virtual machines, is proof of Micrоsoft's new strategy of embracing other eсоsystems. Strange times we're living in, right? Were you expecting to see Ubuntu, openSUSΕ, Fedora, and the likes, running natively in Windows 10? Here's how to gеt Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) and how to install various Linux distributions in Windows 10:

NOTE: All the features presented are available in Windows 10 Version 1903 (May 2019 Update) or newer. If you're using an older version of Windows 10, you might not have access to all the features. Check your Windows 10 build and, if necessary, get the latest Windows 10 update available for you.

How to install the Windows Subsystem for Linux, using Windows Features

Prior to being able to install any Linux distribution on your Windows 10 PC, you have to install the Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL). If you prefer clicks to run commands, the easiest way to do it is from the Windows Features.

On the search field from your taskbar, type "features" and click or tap on "Turn Windows features on or off." Alternatively, if you prefer the old Control Panel, you can also follow the steps explained here: How to add or remove (un)wanted Windows features, programs or apps.

In the Windows Features window, scroll down the list of options, and check the feature called "Windows Subsystem for Linux." Then click or tap OK.

Wait a few moments for Windows 10 to apply the necessary changes.

When the changes are done, Windows 10 lets you know that you have to reboot your computer or device to finish installing.

Restart now or choose to restart later if you still have work to do on your Windows 10 computer or device.

How to install the Windows Subsystem for Linux, using Powershell

PowerShell offers an even faster way of installing the Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL). Open Powershell as administrator and enter this command: Enable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux. Press Enter on your keyboard to run the command.

After a short while, Windows 10 finishes installing the WSL (Windows Subsystem for Linux). When it's done, it should ask you to restart your computer. Type Y if you want to do it now, or N if you want to reboot later.

After you restart, Windows 10 finishes installing the Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL). Next, you can download and install any of the available Linux distributions.

How to download and install Linux distributions on Windows 10, from Microsoft Store

Regardless of how you chose to install the Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL), you can now go ahead and install one of the available Linux distributions. For those who prefer clicks and taps, the easiest way to install a Linux distro is to do it from the Microsoft Store. Open it and search for "linux," or click/tap on this direct link to see what Linux distributions you can get.

When we published this tutorial, this was the list of Linux distros available on Windows 10: Ubuntu, openSUSE, Kali Linux, Debian, Fedora, Pengwin, Alpine, and SUSE Linux Enterprise Server.

Choose the Linux distro that you want, click or tap on it, and then press the Install button.

Depending on how large the Linux distro is, and on how fast your internet connection is, it can take a while to finish downloading it. When the download is over, Windows 10 installs the Linux distribution automatically.

When the installation is done, you can start your new Linux distribution by clicking on the Launch button from its page on the Microsoft Store.

Alternatively, Windows 10 also creates a convenient shortcut for the Linux distribution in your Start Menu, which you can use to start it whenever you want.

How to download and install Linux distributions on Windows 10, from PowerShell

If you're a command-line aficionado, you can also download and install Linux distros directly from PowerShell. Open Powershell as administrator and run one of the following commands, depending on what Linux distro you want:

• Ubuntu 18.04: Invoke-WebRequest -Uri https://aka.ms/wsl-ubuntu-1804 -OutFile "$HomeDownloadsUbuntu1804.appx" -UseBasicParsing
• Ubuntu 18.04 ARM: Invoke-WebRequest -Uri https://aka.ms/wsl-ubuntu-1804-arm -OutFile "$HomeDownloadsUbuntu1804ARM.appx" -UseBasicParsing
• Ubuntu 16.04: Invoke-WebRequest -Uri https://aka.ms/wsl-ubuntu-1604 -OutFile "$HomeDownloadsUbuntu1604.appx" -UseBasicParsing
• Debian GNU/Linux: Invoke-WebRequest -Uri https://aka.ms/wsl-debian-gnulinux -OutFile "$HomeDownloadsDebian.appx" -UseBasicParsing
• Kali Linux: Invoke-WebRequest -Uri https://aka.ms/wsl-kali-linux-new -OutFile "$HomeDownloadsKali.appx" -UseBasicParsing
• OpenSUSE Leap 42: Invoke-WebRequest -Uri https://aka.ms/wsl-opensuse-42 -OutFile "$HomeDownloadsOpenSUSE.appx" -UseBasicParsing
• SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12: Invoke-WebRequest -Uri https://aka.ms/wsl-sles-12 -OutFile "$HomeDownloadsSUSELinuxEnterprise.appx" -UseBasicParsing
• Fedora Remix for WSL: Invoke-WebRequest -Uri https://github.com/WhitewaterFoundry/Fedora-Remix-for-WSL/releases/download/1.30.1/DistroLauncher-Appx_1.30.1.0_x64.appx -OutFile "$HomeDownloadsFedoraRemix.appx" -UseBasicParsing

Press Enter on your keyboard and wait for the Linux distribution package to download. The chosen distribution is going to be saved in your Downloads folder. However, if you prefer another location, replace the $HomeDownloads string from the command that you're running, with the folder you prefer.

Wait until your Linux distribution is downloaded. When it's done, run one of the following commands, depending on which Linux distro you chose to install on your Windows 10 PC:

• Ubuntu 18.04: Add-AppxPackage -Path "$HomeDownloadsUbuntu1804.appx"
• Ubuntu 18.04 ARM: IAdd-AppxPackage -Path "$HomeDownloadsUbuntu1804ARM.appx"
• Ubuntu 16.04: Add-AppxPackage -Path "$HomeDownloadsUbuntu1604.appx"
• Debian GNU/Linux: Add-AppxPackage -Path "$HomeDownloadsDebian.appx"
• Kali Linux: Add-AppxPackage -Path "$HomeDownloadsKali.appx"
• OpenSUSE Leap 42: Add-AppxPackage -Path "$HomeDownloadsOpenSUSE.appx"
• SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12: Add-AppxPackage -Path "$HomeDownloadsSUSELinuxEnterprise.appx"
• Fedora Remix for WSL: Add-AppxPackage -Path "$HomeDownloadsFedoraRemix.appx"

Once the installation is done, you can find convenient shortcuts to your Linux distribution, in the Start Menu. Run it and enjoy it!

That was all! Now you can start playing with Linux on your Windows 10 PC! 🙂

Conclusion

Enabling the Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) on Windows 10 is not hard. However, working with Linux from Windows 10 might be something that's not quite for everybody. If you are a developer, if you love running commands in a text environment, or if you have some experience in working with Linux, then you'll probably be very excited with the love Windows 10 is now showing to Linux users.

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