Na računalu imate aplikacije kao što su Spotify , Adobe Reader , Chrome , Firefox , 7-Zip , VLC Media Player -^{(VLC Media Player…the)} popis se nastavlja i sve su besplatne. Što bismo bez besplatnog softvera^(freeware) ? Ipak, ove aplikacije zahtijevaju česta ažuriranja kako bi se popravile sigurnosne rupe i predstavile nove i korisne značajke. Ažuriranja se nikada ne događaju u prikladno vrijeme.

Tu na scenu stupa čokolada^(Chocolatey) . Koristite besplatnu aplikaciju Chocolatey za ažuriranje softvera. Lako je, brzo, jednostavno, a jesmo li spomenuli besplatno? Čini se^(Seems) predobro da bi bilo istinito, ali tako je. Ali što je čokolada^(Chocolatey) ?

Što je čokolada?

Ako niste radili stvari u naredbenom retku sustava Windows^{(Windows command line)} , PowerShellu^(PowerShell) ili Linuxu^{(Linux command line)} , koncept Chocolatey može biti pomalo čudan. Chocolatey je program na razini stroja koji vam pomaže u upravljanju softverom.

Na razini stroja, što znači da ne postoji grafičko korisničko sučelje koje vam pomaže učiniti stvari. Sve naredbe moraju biti upisane. Nemojte^(Don) dopustiti da vas to uplaši! Ako znate pisati riječi, možete ovo svladati.

Kako mogu instalirati Chocolatey?

Postoji nekoliko stvari koje Chocolatey mora raditi. Kada program treba druge programe sa značajkama sustava Windows^(Windows) za rad, ti potrebni programi nazivaju se ovisnostima. Ovisnosti o čokoladi su da morate koristiti najmanje:^(Chocolatey)

• Windows 7 ili noviji
• PowerShell verzija 2 ili novija
• .NET Framework 4 ili noviji
• Osim toga, morate imati administratorski pristup^{(administrator access)} na svom računalu

Ako imate Windows 7 ili noviji, već imate PowerShell verziju 2 ili noviju. Ako niste sigurni imate li .NET Framework 4 , ne brinite. Prilikom instaliranja Chocolatey , ako nemate .NET 4, Chocolatey će ga instalirati umjesto vas.

Otvorite PowerShell upisivanjem u okvir za pretraživanje izbornika Start ^{(Start Menu)}PowerShell . Trebali biste vidjeti rezultat pod nazivom Windows PowerShell App .

Desnom tipkom miša kliknite na to i odaberite Pokreni kao administrator^{(Run as Administrator)} . To je poznato kao pokretanje PowerShell -a u povišenoj instanci^{(elevated instance)} . Uzdignut je na administratorske privilegije. Otvorit će se prozor PowerShell .

U prozoru PowerShell upišite ili kopirajte i zalijepite naredbu:

Set-ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Scope Process -Force; iex ((New-Object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadString(‘https://chocolatey.org/install.ps1’))

Dio Set-ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Scope Process -Force govori PowerShell - u da ne želite provoditi politiku ograničenog izvršavanja samo za ovu sljedeću stvar. PowerShell prema zadanim postavkama dopušta pokretanje samo potpisanih procesa. To je najviša sigurnosna postavka. Ali moramo pokrenuti ovaj nepotpisani proces instaliranja Chocolateya^(Chocolatey) .

Iex iex ((New-Object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadString(‘https://chocolatey.org/install.ps1’)) dio naredbe govori PowerShell -u da ode na web-mjesto Chocolatey , preuzmi instalaciju .ps1 skriptu i pokrenite je. To je dio koji stvarno instalira Chocolatey .

Vidjet ćete hrpu teksta kako proleti. Slobodno^(Feel) se vratite i pročitajte kako biste znali što se upravo dogodilo. Na kraju predlaže da pokrenete naredbu choco /? da biste vidjeli popis funkcija. To je dobar način da provjerite radi li vaša instalacija. Samo naprijed i pokrenite tu naredbu.

Proletjet će još jedna hrpa teksta, koji je također dobar za čitanje i razumijevanje. Na kraju, ako je vaša instalacija Chocolateyja^(Chocolatey) uspjela, vidjet ćete nešto poput sljedećeg, gdje zeleni dio navodi verziju koju ste upravo instalirali.

Instaliranje softvera uz Chocolatey

Pogledajmo na brzinu instalaciju softvera s Chocolateyom^(Chocolatey) prije nego što krenemo s ažuriranjem softvera s njim.

Idite na stranicu https://chocolatey.org/packages da pregledate softver koji je dostupan putem Chocolatey . Vidjet ćete da se oni nazivaju paketima.

Pronađite paket koji želite instalirati. Za ovaj primjer koristit ćemo Malwarebytes Anti-Malware . Uvijek je dobro imati Malwarebytes na računalu^{(good to have Malwarebytes on your computer)} .

U povišenoj instanci PowerShell -a upotrijebite naredbu choco install malwarebytes . to je to. Instalacija će započeti. Zaustavit će se sljedećim tekstom:

Ako vam je ugodno dopustiti Chocolateyu^(Chocolatey) da upravlja vašim softverom, onda kada se ova instalacija završi, trebali bismo koristiti naredbu choco enable -n allowGlobalConfirmation^{(choco feature enable -n allowGlobalConfirmation)} kako bismo mogli automatizirati instalacije i ažuriranja u budućnosti. Za sada samo upotrijebimo A da dovršimo instalaciju.

Vidjet ćete da Malwarebytes preuzima i zatim počinje instalirati.

Za otprilike minutu, Malwarebytes će se preuzeti i instalirati bez ikakvog daljnjeg rada za vas.

Ažurirajte softver uz Chocolatey

Sada kada imamo instaliran neki softver, možemo ga pokušati ažurirati pomoću Chocolatey . Opet^(Again) vam je potreban PowerShell otvoren kao administrator . Zatim možete pokrenuti naredbu choco upgrade malwarebytes .

To će Chocolatey natjerati da izađe i vidi postoji li ažuriranje, a zatim ga ažurira. Upravo smo instalirali Malwarebytes, pa će se pokazati da su ažurirani paketi nula od jedan. To je u redu.

Ako ste instalirali nekoliko paketa s Chocolatey , možete ih sve ažurirati naredbom u jednom retku: choco upgrade all -y .

To je koliko god je teško. Ono što sada moramo učiniti da bismo automatski ažurirali softver s Chocolateyem^(Chocolatey) je nekako učiniti da se ta naredba izvodi prema rasporedu.

Automatsko ažuriranje softvera^{(Update Software)} uz Chocolatey

Sljedeći korak možete učiniti pomoću bilježnice^(Notepad) ili PowerShell ISE ( Integrirano okruženje za skriptiranje^{(Integrated Scripting Environment)} ). Napravit ćemo ovaj primjer koristeći Notepad jer nemaju sve verzije sustava Windows ^(Windows)PowerShell ISE .

Otvorite Notepad. Kopirajte naredbu choco upgrade all -y u Notepad.

Spremite to kao PowerShell skriptu tako što ćete je nazvati nešto poput upgrade-ChocoPackages.ps1 . Proširenje .ps1 govori Windowsima da je ovo    PowerShell skripta.

Promijenite vrstu datoteke iz Text Documents (*.txt) u All Files (*.*).Ako to ne učinite, Windows će ga učiniti upgrade-ChocoPackages.ps1.txt i misliti da je to samo datoteka Notepad -a.^(Notepad)

Windows dolazi sa sjajnom značajkom pod nazivom Task Scheduler . Prosječni kućni korisnik vjerojatno ne zna za to, ali Task Scheduler je značajka koja već čini da se puno stvari radi redovito.

U izborniku Start^{(Start Menu)} pretražite Planer zadataka^{(Task Scheduler)} . Kliknite^(Click) na njega kada se pojavi kao rezultat.

Kada se otvori Task Scheduler , kliknite na ^{(Task Scheduler)}Task Scheduler Library u gornjem lijevom dijelu prozora. Ovo će vam pokazati sve planirane zadatke koji su trenutno postavljeni na vašem računalu.

U oknu Radnje u gornjem desnom dijelu kliknite na ^(Actions)Kreiraj zadatak^{(Create Task…)} .... Create Basic Task nije prikladan za ovu situaciju, jer ćemo kasnije koristiti argumente.

U prozoru koji se otvori, na kartici Općenito^(General) , dajte zadatku naziv kao što je Choco Upgrade All , a zatim Opis^{(Description )} poput Ažurira sav softver koji je instalirao Chocolatey^{( Updates all software installed by Chocolatey)} . Ako vaš trenutni korisnički račun nije administratorski račun na vašem računalu, upotrijebite gumb Promjena korisnika ili grupe^{(Change User or Group)} za odabir administratorskog^{(Administrator)} računa.

Također ćete morati znati lozinku administratorskog računa. ^{(Administrator)}Provjerite^(Make) je li odabrano Pokreni je li korisnik prijavljen ili ne^{(Run whether the user is logged on or not)} . To će omogućiti da se skripta pokrene čak i ako niste na računalu i imat će sve privilegije koje su mu potrebne za obavljanje posla.

Kartica Okidači^(Triggers) je mjesto gdje zadatku kažete kada želite da se pokrene. Za to bi jednom tjedno trebalo biti dovoljno. U našem primjeru, postavljeno je da se pokreće svake nedjelje^(Sunday) u 1:00 ujutro. Odaberite vrijeme kada vjerojatno nećete koristiti svoje računalo za najbolju izvedbu.

Preporuča se također označiti Zaustavi zadatak ako radi dulje od:^{(Stop the task if it runs longer than:)} i promijenite trajanje na 2 sata. Možete to prilagoditi kako želite. Da biste omogućili primjenu okidača, morate označiti okvir Omogućeno^(Enabled) pri dnu.

Prijeđite na karticu Radnje^(Actions) i zadatku ćemo reći što želimo da učini. Radnja će biti zadana na Pokreni ^(Action)program^{(Start a program)} . To je ono što želimo pa samo ostavite to. U polje Program/script upišite powershell.exe. To daje do znanja Windowsu da ćete pokretati PowerShell skriptu.

U polje Dodaj argumente^{(Add arguments)} unesite sljedeće argumente.

-noprofile – Ovo sprječava pokretanje skripti PowerShell profila i govori mu da samo pokrene skriptu koju želite.

-ExecutionPolicy Bypass – Ako niste sigurni je li izvršenje skripte bilo omogućeno, dobro je imati ovo u argumentima. To će osigurati da skripta radi.

-file – Ovo je argument koji Planeru zadataka govori da je sve što slijedi put do datoteke koju želimo da pokrene PowerShell . U našem primjeru, skripta je spremljena na C:\Scripts\upgrade-ChocoPackages.ps1 . Na vašem računalu može biti drugačije, pa prilagodite tome. Ako put do vaše datoteke ima nazive s razmacima, morat ćete cijeli put staviti unutar navodnika.

Cijeli argument će izgledati kao -noprofile -executionpolicy bypass -file C:\Scripts\upgrade-ChocoPackages.ps1

Na kartici Uvjeti^{(Conditions )} postoji više opcija koje možemo postaviti o tome kako se skripta izvodi. Pogledajte ih da vidite koje biste željeli primijeniti. Za ovaj primjer, postavljeno je na Pokreni zadatak samo ako je računalo na izmjeničnom napajanju^{(Start the task only if the computer is on AC power)} i Stop ako se računalo prebaci na napajanje iz baterije^{(Stop if the computer switches to battery power )} kako bi se osiguralo da se baterija ne isprazni.

Probudite računalo za pokretanje ovog zadatka^{(Wake the computer to run this task)} odabrano je kako bi se osiguralo da se zadatak izvodi, bez obzira je li računalo u stanju mirovanja ili ne.

Na kartici Postavke^{(Settings )} preporuča se označiti okvir Dopusti pokretanje zadatka na zahtjev^{(Allow task to be run on demand)} kako bismo mogli ručno testirati zadatak kada završimo. Zadani odabiri za ostatak su u redu.

Kliknite U redu^(OK) da biste dovršili stvaranje zakazanog zadatka. Na kartici Općenito^(General) trebao bi se pojaviti prozor s imenom korisnika kojeg ste odabrali . Morate unijeti lozinku za korisnika i kliknuti OK . To Windowsu govori da vi doista imate ovlaštenje za pokretanje zadatka.

Sada ste se vratili na glavni prozor Planera zadataka . ^{(Task Scheduler)}Pronađite svoj novi zadatak. Desnom tipkom miša kliknite zadatak i odaberite Pokreni^{(Run )} da biste ga testirali.

Nećete vidjeti da se ništa značajno dogodilo, osim što će se status zadatka promijeniti u Pokreni^(Running) . Za koju minutu trebali biste vidjeti da se vrijeme posljednjeg izvođenja^{(Last Run Time )} također mijenja u vremensku oznaku kada ste započeli izvršavanje zadatka.

Ako niste dobili nikakvu poruku o pogrešci, zadatak bi trebao biti u redu. Zatvorite prozor Task Scheduler i ne brinite da ćete morati ponovno ručno ažurirati bilo koji softver koji ste instalirali s Chocolateyom^(Chocolatey) .

Sve Gotovo!

Možda se čini da je potrebno puno posla da se ovo postavi. Razmislite o ovome: trebalo vam je negdje između 10 i 30 minuta da ovo postavite. Ako ovo koristite za ažuriranje 10 programa, a svakom programu treba oko 6 minuta da prođe kroz proces ažuriranja svaki mjesec, uštedjeli ste između 30 i 50 minuta.

Već ste ispred ušteđenog vremena. Tijekom godine, to bi moglo biti ušteđeno 6 do 10 sati vremena. To ne uključuje vrijeme ušteđeno znanjem kako koristiti Chocolatey za instaliranje programa za minutu ili dvije umjesto za 10 ili 15 minuta.

How to Automatically Update Free Software with Chocolatey

You’ve got apps on your computer like Spotify, Adobe Readеr, Chrome, Firefox, 7-Zip, VLC Media Player…the list goes on and they’re all free. What would we do without freeware? Yet, these apps require frequent updates to fix security holes and introduce new and useful features. Updates never happen at a convenient time.

That’s where Chocolatey comes into play. Use the free app Chocolatey to keep your software up to date. It’s easy, fast, simple, and did we mention free? Seems too good to be true, yet it is. But what is Chocolatey?

What is Chocolatey?

If you haven’t done things in the Windows command line, PowerShell, or Linux command line, the concept of Chocolatey can be a bit weird. Chocolatey is a machine-level program that helps you manage software.

Machine-level meaning that there isn’t a graphical user interface that helps you do things. All the commands must be typed. Don’t let that scare you away! If you can write words, you can master this.

How do I Install Chocolatey?

There are a couple things Chocolatey needs to work. When a program needs other programs of Windows features to work, those needed programs are referred to as dependencies. Chocolatey’s dependencies are you must be using at least:

• Windows 7 or newer
• PowerShell version 2 or newer
• .NET Framework 4 or newer
• Plus, you must have administrator access on your computer

If you’ve got Windows 7 or newer, you’ve already got PowerShell version 2 or newer. If you aren’t sure if you have .NET Framework 4, don’t worry. When installing Chocolatey, if you don’t have .NET 4, Chocolatey will install it for you.

Open PowerShell by typing in the Start Menu’s search box PowerShell. You should see a result come up named Windows PowerShell App.

Right-click on that and select Run as Administrator. Doing this is known as running PowerShell in an elevated instance. It’s elevated to the Administrator’s privileges. The PowerShell window will open.

In the PowerShell window, type or copy and paste the command:

Set-ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Scope Process -Force; iex ((New-Object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadString(‘https://chocolatey.org/install.ps1’))

The Set-ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Scope Process -Force part tells PowerShell that you don’t want to enforce the restricted execution policy for just this next thing. PowerShell, by default, will only allow signed processes to run. It’s the highest security setting. But we need to run this unsigned process of installing Chocolatey.

The iex ((New-Object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadString(‘https://chocolatey.org/install.ps1’)) part of the command tells PowerShell to go to the Chocolatey website, download the install.ps1 script, and run it. That’s the part that really installs Chocolatey.

You’ll see a bunch of text fly by. Feel free to go back and read it so you know what just happened. At the end, it suggests that you run the command choco /? to see a list of functions. That’s a good way to make sure your install worked. Go ahead and run that command.

Another pile of text will fly by, which is also good to read and understand. At the end, if your install of Chocolatey worked, you’ll see something like the following, where the green part lists what version you’ve just installed.

Installing Software with Chocolatey

Let’s have a quick look at installing software with Chocolatey before we get to updating software with it.

Go to the page https://chocolatey.org/packages to browse through the software that is available via Chocolatey. You’ll see that they are referred to as packages.

Find a package that you’d like to install. For this example, we’ll use Malwarebytes Anti-Malware. It’s always good to have Malwarebytes on your computer.

In an elevated instance of PowerShell, use the command choco install malwarebytes. That’s it. The install will begin. It will stop with the following text:

If you’re comfortable allowing Chocolatey to manage your software, then when this install is done, we should use the choco feature enable -n allowGlobalConfirmation command so we can automate installations and updates in the future. For now, let’s just use A to complete the installation.

You’ll see that Malwarebytes is downloading and then starts installing.

In about a minute, Malwarebytes will be downloaded and installed without any further work for you.

Update Software with Chocolatey

Now that we’ve got some software installed, we can try updating it with Chocolatey. Again, you need PowerShell open as Administrator. Then you can run the command choco upgrade malwarebytes.

That will make Chocolatey go out and see if there’s an update and then update it. We just installed Malwarebytes, so it will show that zero out one packages were updated. That’s okay.

If you’ve installed several packages with Chocolatey, you can update them all with a one-line command: choco upgrade all -y.

That’s as hard as it gets. Now what we must do to automatically update software with Chocolatey is to somehow make that command run on a schedule.

Automatically Update Software with Chocolatey

The next step you can do using wither Notepad or PowerShell ISE (Integrated Scripting Environment). We’ll do this example using Notepad as not all Windows versions have the PowerShell ISE.

Open Notepad. Copy the command choco upgrade all -y into Notepad.

Save that as PowerShell script by naming it something like upgrade-ChocoPackages.ps1. The .ps1 extension tells Windows that this is a   PowerShell script.

Change the file type from Text Documents (*.txt) to All Files (*.*). If you don’t, Windows will make it upgrade-ChocoPackages.ps1.txt and think it’s just a Notepad file.

Windows comes with a great feature called Task Scheduler. The average home user probably doesn’t know about it, but Task Scheduler is the feature that already makes a lot of things run on a regular basis.

In Start Menu search on Task Scheduler. Click on it when it comes up as a result.

When Task Scheduler opens, click on Task Scheduler Library in the top-left area of the window. This will show you all the scheduled tasks currently set up on your computer.

In the Actions pane in the top-right area, click on Create Task…. Create Basic Task isn’t suitable for this situation, as we’ll be using argument statements later.

In the window that opens, in the General tab, give the task a name like Choco Upgrade All and then a Description like Updates all software installed by Chocolatey. If your current user account is not an administrator account on your computer, use the Change User or Group button to select the Administrator account.

You’ll also need to know the Administrator account’s password. Make sure Run whether the user is logged on or not is selected. This will allow the script to run even if you’re not on your computer and it will have all the privileges it needs to do the job.

The Triggers tab is where you tell the task when you want it to run. For this, once a week should be plenty. In our example, it’s set to run every Sunday at 1:00 a.m. Pick a time when you’re not likely to be using your computer, for best performance.

It’s recommended to also check Stop the task if it runs longer than: and change the duration to 2 hours. You can adjust that as you’d like. To allow the trigger to apply, you must check the Enabled box at the bottom.

Over to the Actions tab, and we’ll tell the task what we want it to do. The Action will be defaulted to Start a program. That is what we want so just leave that. In the Program/script field, type powershell.exe. This lets Windows know you’re going to be running a PowerShell script.

In the Add arguments field, enter the following arguments.

-noprofile – This prevents PowerShell profile scripts from running and tells it to just run the script that you want.

-ExecutionPolicy Bypass – If you’re not sure if script execution was enabled, it’s good to have this in the arguments. It will ensure the script runs.

-file – This is the argument that tells Task Scheduler that whatever follows next is the path to the file that we want PowerShell to run. In our example, the script was saved to C:\Scripts\upgrade-ChocoPackages.ps1. It may be different on your computer, so adjust accordingly. If the path to your file has any names with spaces in them, you’ll need to put the entire path inside of quotes.

The full argument will look like -noprofile -executionpolicy bypass -file C:\Scripts\upgrade-ChocoPackages.ps1

On the Conditions tab, there are more options we can set on how the script is to run. Look at them to see which ones you’d like to apply. For this example, it is set to Start the task only if the computer is on AC power and Stop if the computer switches to battery power to ensure we’re not running down the battery.

Wake the computer to run this task is selected to ensure the task runs, whether the computer is in sleep mode or not.

In the Settings tab, it’s recommended to check the Allow task to be run on demand box, so that we can manually test the task when we’re done. The default selections for the remainder are fine.

Click OK to finish creating the scheduled task. A window should pop up with the name of the user you selected back on the General tab. You must enter the password for the user and click OK. This tells Windows that you do, indeed, have the authority to run the task.

Now you’re back to the main Task Scheduler window. Find your new task. Right-click on the task and select Run to test it.

You won’t see anything significant happen, except the status of the task will change to Running. In a minute or so, you should see the Last Run Time also change to the timestamp when you started running the task.

If you didn’t get any error messages, the task should be fine. Close the Task Scheduler window and don’t worry about having to manually update any of the software you installed with Chocolatey again.

All Done!

It may seem like a lot of work to set this up. Consider this: it took you somewhere between 10 and 30 minutes to set this up. If you’re using this to update 10 programs, and each program takes about 6 minutes to go through the updating process every month, you’ve saved yourself between 30 and 50 minutes.

You’re already ahead in time saved. Over the course of a year, that could be 6 to 10 hours of time saved. That’s not including the time saved by knowing how to use Chocolatey to install programs in a minute or two instead of 10 or 15 minutes.

Related posts

• Najbolji besplatni program za karaoke za Windows

• 12 najboljih besplatnih aplikacija i widgeta za Android kalkulator

• 5 najboljih aplikacija za kupnju dionica besplatno

• Najbolji besplatni softver za uklanjanje špijunskog i zlonamjernog softvera

• Kako automatski izbrisati datoteke u sustavu Windows

• 6 najboljih Reddit alternativa koje možete koristiti besplatno

• 9 najboljih besplatnih izvanmrežnih GPS aplikacija za Android

• 8 najboljih alternativa zumiranju za besplatne grupne videokonferencije

• 6 najboljih PDF uređivača za Windows 10 u 2021

• ToDoist stolna aplikacija za Windows: Potpuna recenzija

• 7 najboljih Android aplikacija za podsjetnike

• 21 najboljih alata i aplikacija za upravljanje vremenom koje trebate isprobati

• Tri jedinstvene, besplatne aplikacije za fitnes s kojima ćete biti u formi za 2019. godinu

• 10 najboljih aplikacija za mjerenje vaše produktivnosti

• Što je BetterDiscord i kako ga instalirati?

• 4 najbolja programa za pretvaranje vašeg računala u Streaming Media Center

• 6 najboljih aplikacija za zamjenu lica za mobitel ili računalo

• 9 najboljih softvera za promjenu glasa Discord (2021.)

• 7 najboljih aplikacija za sklapanje prijateljstva na mreži i IRL

• Što je Twitch Turbo i isplati li se?